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Aug

Of all the human senses, the eyes are considered the most precious gift of nature. Vision gives people almost 90% of the information perceived from the outside world. Good vision is necessary for a person for any activity: study, recreation, everyday life. And everyone should understand how important it is to protect and preserve vision. Losing vision, especially in childhood, is a tragedy.

The most common forms of visual impairment in childhood are myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism and strabismus.

Myopia (myopia)- as a rule, an acquired disease, when during a period of intense visual stress (reading, writing, watching TV programs, playing games on the computer) due to circulatory problems, changes occur in the eyeball, leading to its stretching (lengthening).

As a result of this stretching, distance vision deteriorates, and at a higher degree, near vision. Glasses or contact lenses can help here.

The first signs of myopia are decreased distance vision, which improves when squinting or pressing on the eyeball.

Farsightedness.Unlike myopia, this is not an acquired, but a congenital condition associated with the structural features of the eyeball.

The first signs of farsightedness are a deterioration in near visual acuity and a desire to move the text away from you. In more severe and later cases - decreased distance vision, rapid eye fatigue, redness and pain associated with visual work.

Astigmatism- a special type of optical structure of the eye. Phenomena of this congenital or acquired nature are most often caused by irregular curvature of the cornea. Astigmatism is expressed in decreased vision both far and near, decreased visual performance, rapid fatigue and painful sensations in the eyes when working at close range.

Strabismus- the position of the eyes, in which the visual line of one eye is directed towards the object in question, and the other is deviated to the side. Deviation towards the nose is called convergent strabismus, towards the temple - divergent, up or down - vertical. Strabismus develops due to disruption of the coordinated functioning of the eye muscles. In this case, only one healthy eye works, while the squinting eye is practically inactive, which gradually leads to a persistent decrease in vision.

The best way to avoid eye diseases in children is to conduct regular medical examinations (at the age of 3 years - once every six months, and from 4-7 years - once a year). Remember that the earlier this or that type of visual impairment is detected, the more favorable the treatment prognosis.

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