Injury prevention is the prevention and elimination of causes that contribute to the occurrence of injuries in people. Injuries occupy a leading place in the structure of morbidity and are one of the main causes of primary disability and mortality among the adult population of the most working age. In this regard, the fight against injuries and its social consequences is of paramount importance. Every year in the Republic of Belarus more than 750 thousand residents are injured, of which about 120 thousand are children.
Among the various types of non-occupational injuries, the first place in severity is occupied by road injuries. The car first appeared in 1885 - 1886. The first injury associated with a moving car occurred in 1896 in London. In 1899, the first automobile accident was recorded in New York. Nowadays, 1000 people die every day on the roads of the world under wheels.
The greatest number of transport injuries occur in the winter months. Most accidents occur at the beginning and end of the week. This is explained by insufficient attention of drivers and pedestrians who were on vacation, and at the end of the week - by fatigue. The number of injuries increases in the morning and evening, when there is the greatest intensity of traffic and people.
The most common vice of drivers is lack of attention, self-confidence, arrogance, irritability, and alcohol intoxication. There are two main causes of accidents caused by drivers: speeding and improper overtaking. Most often, pedestrian collisions occur due to his indiscipline when he suddenly appears in front of moving vehicles. The driver, with all his desire and skill, cannot stop the car right away.
Instilling in drivers a sense of high personal responsibility for road safety is important in preventing road traffic injuries. Strengthening the discipline of road users, and primarily drivers, and reducing cases of driving while intoxicated contain significant reserves for improving traffic safety. The fight against drunkenness should be carried out not only among drivers and motorists, but also among all road users.
What a feeling of bitterness every message about a tragic incident on the street evokes. It is doubly difficult when a child dies or is wounded. A child on the street is, first of all, a pedestrian. The task of the family, school, kindergarten is to teach children to strictly observe traffic rules. Why you can’t play near the road, children should learn about the three colors of traffic lights, and traffic controller signals in the garden from traffic police officers, teachers, and medical personnel. It should be mandatory to study traffic rules in school. Also, a lot of work on injury prevention is carried out by government and public organizations. We all know about the large-scale preventive campaign “Become More Visible in the Dark!” In institutions of general secondary education, a system has been created for developing safe behavior skills, which includes work within the framework of curricula, methodological support for teachers of different categories on this issue, as well as promotion of advanced pedagogical experience. Into work planspreschool institutions include additional activities for interaction with healthcare professionals and parents in order to preserve and strengthen the health and prevent injuries of children.
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